🌍CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter-7  Globalisation-Extra questions📝

1 Mark Questions

1. What is W.S.F.? What is its purpose? (C.B.S.E. 2009 (C))

Answer:

World Social Forum is an international organisation comprising human rights activists, environmentalists, labour leaders, women activists, etc., who opposed to neo-liberal globalisation.

• Highlight any two cultural consequences of globalisation. (C.B.S.E. 2012 Delhi)

Answer:

1. Globalisation affects us at our home in what we eat, drink, wear and think.

2. Globalisation shapes what we think are our preferences.  .
3. Mention the main function of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). (Delhi 2013)
Answer:
The main function of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) is setting the rules for the promotion of international trade.
4. How far is it correct to say that globalisation results in the erosion of state sovereignty? (Delhi 2009)
Answer:
The globalisation affects the state sovereignty to some extent because the State Government have to follow the international decisions on various global issues.
5. How far is it correct to say that globalisation actually increases the activities of the state? (Delhi 2009)
Answer:
Globalisation has actually increased the activities of the state in political, economic and cultural fields.
6. What is globalisation? (All India 2008)
Answer:
Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

2 Marks Questions

1. Mention any two benefits of globalisation, (All India 2015)
Answer:
Two benefits of globalisation are:

• It provides job opportunities for the youth.
• It provides the exchange of ideas, capital, commodities and people from one place to another.

2. Mention any two political consequences of globalisation. (Delhi 2012)
OR
What are the political consequences of there globalisation. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:
Following are the consequences of political globalisation

• It has eroded the capacity of the state by reducing the ability of government to do what they want to do.
• The concept of welfare state has been reduced to a more minimalist state all over the world.

3. How has technological advancement affected globalisation? (Delhi 2012)
OR
How have technological advancement and recognition of inter-connectedness affected globalisation? All India 2008
Answer:
Technology remains an important factor with regard to globalisation. The technological inventions such as telegraph, telephone and the microchip has revolutionised communication between various global factors. Hence, invention of printing laid basis for the creation of nationalism. Thus, technological advancement and regonition of inter-connectedness affected globalisation.
5. What is cultural homogenisation? Give an example to show that its consequence is not negative. (All India 2012)
Answer:
Globalisation which led to rise of a uniform culture known as cultural homogenisation. It is intermingling of one culture with another one.

The consequenes are not always negative as jeans can even go well with khadi kurta. Now-a-days, Americans also wear jeans and kurta.
6. Does globalisation lead to cultural homogenisation or cultural heterogenisation or both? Justify. (HOTS; Delhi 2009)
Answer:
Globalisation has affected our domestic life, food, drink, dress and ideas. It has even affected people’s preferences leading to the fear to threatening world culture. This fear is true upto some extent as globalisation has led to rise of a uniform culture known as cultural homogenisation.

On the other hand, cultural homogenisation has contrary effects too. It makes to each culture more distinctive and unique. This process is called cultural heterogenisation.
7. What are the economic consequences of globalisation? (Delhi 2009)
Answer:
Following are the economic consequences of globalisation:

1. It deals with increasing the trade in commodities all around the world. The restrictions imposed by various states on each other’s imports have been removed.
2. Globalisation benefits some sections of society while other sections of society are left deprived. Developed countries gain more as compared to developing countries.

8. Define cultural heterogenisation. (Delhi 2008)
Answer:
When globalisation leads to each culture becoming more different and distinctive. It is called cultural heterogenisation.

4 Marks Questions

1. Explain any two positive and any two negative effects of globalisation. (All India 2014)
Answer:
Positive Impacts of globalisation are (any two):

• Increase in the volume of trade in goods and services.
• It attracts private foreign capital investment.
• It creates new job opportunities.
• It raises standard of living.
• It increases production, efficiency and healthy competition.
• It attracts foreign direct investment also.

Negative impacts of globalisation are (any two) :

• This foreign companies focus on their profit orientation projects only in place of social welfare.
• It has widened income disparities by making the rich richer and the poor more poorer.
• Globalisation is also a reason for depletion of flora and fauna in country.

2. How has technology contributed to globalisation? Explain. (Delhi 2013; All India 2009)
Answer:
For definition of globalisation, Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

Technology has contributed to globalisation in the following ways:

1. The technological invention such as telegraph, telephone and the microchip has revolutionised communication between various global factors and hence invention of printing laid the basis for the emergence of nationalism. Thus, technology influences the way we think of our personal and collective lives.
2. The sharing of ideas, capital, commodities and people throughout the globe has been made possible only by technological advancement.
3. The transfer of capital goods and services is likely to be wider and quicker than the transfer of people across the various parts of the world.
4. Technological advances has reduced the physical distances and increased inter connectedness world widely.

3. Explain any four reasons due to which globalisation is resisted. (Delhi 2013)
OR
What is meant by globalisation? List any two forms of resistance to globalisation. (Delhi 2010)
Answer:
For meaning of globalisation, Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

The four reasons due to which globalisation is resisted are :

• Leftist parties argue that contemporary globalisation represents a global capitalism that makes the rich richer and the poor poorer.
• Weakening of the state leads to a reduction in the capacity of the state to protect the interest of its poor.
• Rightist parties expresse anxiety over the political economic and cultural effects.
• The cultural globalisation would harm age old values of people while harming their traditional culture.

4. “Globalsation has shifted power from nation-states to global consumers.” Justify the statement. (HOTS; All India 2012)
Answer:
Globalisation has shifted power from nation-states to’global consumers because of the following points:

• Revolution in information technology and electronic media and development in the field of science and technology.
• Collapse of communism and the end of cold war with the disintegration of Soviet Union.
• Advances in the field of transport and communication and growth of MNCs. These MNCs are the efforts of the developed nations to make the whole world as one single market.
• Rising debts of developing states that have forced the IMF and World Bank to ask developing states to adopt the path of disinvestment and globalisation..

5. Define globalisation. How is it different from internationalisation? (All India 2011)
Answer:
For definition of globalisation, Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

• It is different from internationalisation on the basis of following points :
• Internationalization believes in the integrity of community whereas globalisation believes in one umbrella concepts and sharing of ideas between other states.
• Internationalization believes in the use of resources of all the world equally for the benefit of mankind, but globalisation emphasise on the development of resources for the welfare and support of community.
• Internationalization also believes in the universal brotherhood and international peace whereas globalisation believes in the concept of flows of ideas, people and commodities throughout the globe, it also encourages the richer countries to support the poorer countries’ economy.

6.Define globalisation. It is a multi-dimensional concept? Justify. (All India 2009)
Answer:
For definition of globalisation, Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

• Yes, it is multi-dimensional concept because it has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these are very different to each other. It is wrong to say that globalisation is purely economic concern and would be purely cultural phenomena. Globalisation has, affected the globe unevenly. It is important to avoid drawing general conclusions about the impact of globalisation.
• Marks Questions

1. Explain the Globalisation impacts of globalisation on the present day world. (Delhi 2015)
OR
What is meant by globalisation? Highlight any of its two good and two bad aspects. (Delhi to 2008)
Answer:
Positive Impacts of globalisation are (any two) :

• Increase in the volume of trade in goods and services.
• It attracts private foreign capital investment.
• It creates new job opportunities.
• It raises standard of living.
• It increases production, efficiency and healthy competition.
• It attracts foreign direct investment also.
• This foreign companies focus on their profit orientation projects only in place of social welfare.
• It has widened income disparities by making the rich richer and the poor more poorer.
• Globalisation is also a reason for depletion of flora and fauna in country.
  2. Describe any three effects of globalisation on the culture of a country. (All India 2015)
  Answer:
  The effects of globalisation on the culture of a country are :
• Cultural globalisation affects our food, clothes and thinking. But sometimes external influence simply enlarge our choices and sometimes they modify our culture without overwhelming the traditional norms, e.g. the burger is no substitute for a masala dosa and therefore does not pose any real challenge.
• In the same way blue jeans can go well with a homespun khadi kurta. Here the outcome of outside influences is a new combination that is unique. This clothing combination has been exported back to the country that gave us blue Jeanswear:
• The culture of the politically and economically dominant society leaves it imprint on a less powerful society, and the world begins to look more like a dominant power wishes it to be.
• This is dangerous not only for the poor countries but for the whole of humanity for it leads to the shrinking of the rich cultural heritage of the entire globe.
  So we can say that globalisation broadens our cultural outlook and promotes cultural homogenisation.

3. Describe any three effects of globalisation on the economy of a country. (All India 2015)
Answer:
Following are the three effects of globalisation on the economy of a country

• Economic globalisation gives more importance to institutions like the IMF and the WTO.
• It involves greater economic flows among different countries of the world.
• As the restrictions imposed by different countries have been reduced, so, greater trade in commodities across the globe can be seen.
• It has led to the flow of ideas across national boundaries through internet and computer.
• Economic globalisation has also brought economic ruin for the weaker countries, especially for the poor within these countries.

4.Describe any three factors which are responsible for globalisation, (All India 2015)
Answer:
For definition of globalisation
Globalisation means the flows of ideas, capital, commodities and people across different parts of the world. It is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.

The factors responsible for globalisation are:

1. Globalisation is not caused by a single factor. Now-a-days technology is the most important element. The invention of the telegraph, the telephone and the microchip has revolutionised communication between various global factors and hence, invention of printing laid the basis for the emergence of nationalism. The technology affects both our personal and collective lives.
2. The technology has made it easier to exchange ideas, capital, commodities and people from one place to another. The transfer of capital and commodities is likely to be wider and quicker, than the transfer of people across different parts of the world.
3. It is not just the availability of improved communication which led to the emergence of globalisation; rather the role of people in different parts of the world is also significant who recognise these interconnections with the rest of the world.
4. The events taking place in one part of world have an influence, on the other part of the world.

Here, we can take an example of bird flu or tsunami, which is not confined to only one nation. It has affected the world as whole. Similarly, any major economic event would have an immediate impact on the local, national or regional environment at the world level.
5.Explain any three benefits of globalisation with examples. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:
The three benefits of globalisation are as follows:

(i) Economic benefits

It involves greater economic flows among various countries.

It has enhanced trade in commodities among countries.

The restrictions on the imports and movement of capital have also been reduced.

This has spread internet and computer related services across national boundaries.

(ii) Technological benefits Technological equipments as telephone , internet, telegraph and microchip have contributed to globalisation by exchanging ideas, capitals and people to make convenient to move from one place to another at a fast pace under the process of globalisation.

(iii) Political Benefits

The primary status remains unchallenged basis of political community.

States have received a boost under globalisation to become more powerful and strong.

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