- Passage 1
“I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities”
During the debate on 27 August 1947, Govind Ballabh Pant said: I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities and will do them tremendous harm.
If they are isolated forever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and the feeling of frustration will cripple them even from the very beginning. What is it that you desire and what is our ultimate objective? Do the minorities always want to remain as minorities or do they ever expect to form an integral part of a great nation and as such to guide and control its destinies? If they do, can they ever achieve that aspiration and that ideal if they are isolated from the rest of the community? I think it would be extremely dangerous for them if they were segregated from the rest of the community and kept aloof in an air-tight compartment where they would have to rely on others even for the air, they breathe … The minorities if they are returned by separate electorates can never have any effective voice.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What is Govind Ballabh Pant’s view on separate electorates for minorities?
Answer: Govind Ballabh Pant believes that separate electorates for minorities would be suicidal and cause tremendous harm, leading to frustration and isolation.
Question 2: According to Pant, what harm would separate electorates cause to minorities?
Answer: Pant argues that separate electorates would prevent minorities from ever converting themselves into a majority, fostering frustration and preventing them from forming an integral part of the nation.
Question 3: What does Pant question about the minorities’ ultimate objective?
Answer: Pant questions whether minorities always want to remain minorities or if they aspire to become an integral part of a great nation, guiding and controlling its destinies.
Question 4: Why does Pant consider segregation dangerous for minorities?
Answer: Pant sees segregation as dangerous because it would isolate minorities from the rest of the community, making it difficult for them to achieve their aspirations and ideals. He emphasizes the risk of minorities relying on others even for basic necessities like air.
Question 5: What does Pant assert about the effectiveness of the voice of minorities with separate electorates?
Answer: Pant argues that if minorities are returned by separate electorates, they can never have any effective voice, indicating that such a system would undermine their influence in the political process.
- Passage 2
“We want removal of our social disabilities”
Dakshayani Velayudhan from Madras, argued: What we want is not all kinds of safeguards. It is the moral safeguard which gives protection to the underdogs of this country … I refuse to believe that seventy million Harijans are to be considered as a minority … what we want is the … immediate removal of our social disabilities.’
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What is Dakshayani Velayudhan’s main demand?
Answer: Dakshayani Velayudhan’s main demand is the immediate removal of social disabilities faced by the Harijans (Dalits).
Question 2: What type of safeguard does Velayudhan emphasize?
Answer: Velayudhan emphasizes the importance of moral safeguards that provide protection to the underprivileged in the country.
Question 3: How does Velayudhan reject the characterization of Harijans as a minority?
Answer: Velayudhan rejects the characterization of Harijans as a minority, stating that she refuses to believe that seventy million Harijans should be considered a minority.
- Passage 3
Who is a better patriot?
Sir A. Ramaswamy Mudaliar from Mysore said during the debate on 21 August 1947: Let us not lay the flattering unction to our soul that we are better patriots if we propose a strong Centre and that those who advocate a more vigorous examination of these resources are people with not enough of national spirit or patriotism.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What was the statement made by Sir A. Ramaswamy Mudaliar during the debate on August 21, 1947?
Answer: Sir A. Ramaswamy Mudaliar emphasized that proposing a strong Centre doesn’t make someone a better patriot and questioning resource allocation doesn’t indicate a lack of national spirit.
Question 2: According to Mudaliar, what misconception does he urge people not to have?
Answer: Mudaliar urges people not to have the misconception that those proposing a strong Centre are better patriots, and those advocating a thorough examination of resources lack national spirit or patriotism.
Question 3: What does Mudaliar caution against in terms of patriotism?
Answer: Mudaliar cautions against laying the flattering unction to the soul that advocating a strong Centre makes someone a better patriot. He rejects the idea that differing views on resource allocation reflect a lack of national spirit or patriotism.
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