1 Mark Questions
1.How long constitutional monarchy remained in Nepal?
Answer:2006
2.In which country of South Asia, India has played an important role in its independence?
a) Sri Lanka
b) Nepal
c) Bhutan
d) Bangladesh
Answer:d) Bangladesh
3.Fill in the blank :-…..the party dominates Maldives.
Answer:Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP)
4. When did Sri Lanka get Independence?
a) 1946
b) 1947
c) 1948
d) 1949
Answer:c) 1948 5. Sheikh Mujib
When did Sri Lanka get Independence?
1946
1947
1948
1949
Answer:1948
.Who represented the mass struggle of East Pakistan?
Answer:Sheikh Mujib
Siachen dispute is between which two countries?
Answer:India & Pakistan
Which treaty was signed by India and Pakistan In 1960?
Answer:Indus Water Treaty
2 Mark Questions
1.What is ‘South Asia’?
Answer: South Asia includes countries like India, Pakistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka. The various natural areas such as the Himalayas, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean are part of this region.
2.Name two countries of South Asia in which democracy and military rule have been there?
Answer: Pakistan and Bangladesh have experienced both civilian and military rulers, with Bangladesh remaining a democracy in the post-Cold War period .
3.What type of government system is there in Maldives?
Answer:The politics of the Maldives take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is the Head of Government. Executive power is exercised by the government.
- Identify the country that was first to liberalise its economy in the South Asian region.
- Sri Lanka was the first country to liberalize its economy in the South Asian region
4.Explain any two common features relevant to the countries of South Asia. (All India [C] 2008)
Answer: The common features relevant to the countries of South Asia are :
- The nations of South Asia do not share same type of political system. Though, all countries of South Asia prefer democratic form of government.
- South Asian countries stand for diversity in every sense and yet constitute a geo-political space
6.What were the two main consequences of Indo- Pakistan conflict of 1971? (All India 2013)
Answer: The consequences of Indo- Pakistan conflict of 1971 are given below :
- Eastern command of Pakistan military collapsed and East Pakistan was recognised as Bangladesh.
- Over 93000 Pakistani troops surrendered to the Indian forces making the largest surrender since Second World War.
Four Marker Questions
1.Explain any two reasons for the instability of democracy in Pakistan.
Answer: (i) The social dominance of the military, clergy and landowning aristocracy has led to the frequent overthrow of elected governments and the establishment of military government.
(ii) The lack of genuine international support or democratic rule in Pakistan has further encouraged the military to continue its dominance which contributed in instability of democracy.
2.Explain the causes of discounted in East Pakistan (at present Bangladesh).
Answer:The main cause of separation of east Pakistan was the failure of successive Pakistani governments to address the grievances of the Bengali people.
This gross negligence led to mounting tensions between the two regions, which eventually boiled over into open conflict in 1971.
3.Explain any two causes of ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka.
Answer: (I) The doubt between the Sinhalas and the Tamil prompted an inescapable clash and before long transformed into a common war.
(ii) Many families had to leave the nation as displaced people. Numerous individuals lost their vocations.
(iii) The civil war made a horrendous misfortune to the culture.
4. How democratization is going on in Nepal since 1990?
Answer: (i) Nepal was a Hindu Kingdom in the earlier period and then a constitutional monarchy in the modern period for many years.
ii) The king accepted the demand for a new democratic constitution in 1990, in the wake of a strong pro-democracy movement. However, the democratic government had a short and troubled career.
5.Explain any two reasons for the popular struggle in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) against West Pakistan during 1971. Delhi 2014
Answer: The two reasons for the popular struggle in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) against West Pakistan during 1971 are following :
- After Independence of both India and Pakistan, Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan and was called East Pakistan. The Government of Pakistan imposed Urdu language forcefully on East Pakistan’s people.
- The West Pakistan imposed its own culture and it led to unfair treatment on Bengali culture and language. The people of East Pakistan also wanted fair representation in the administration and political power.
6.What does SAARC stand for? Highlight its any three main objectives. (All India 2013)
Answer: SAARC stands for the South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation. It was founded in 1985. It is a major regional initiative by the South Asian states to evolve cooperation through multilateral
Objectives of SAARC are as follows :
- To promote collective self-reliance through systematic economic growth in the region.
- To suppress menace of terrorism and smuggling of drugs.
- To promote mutual trusts and understanding.
7.Explain any two factors responsible for Pakistan’s failure in building a stable democracy. (All Indio 2012)
Answer: The factors that are responsible for Pakistan’s failure in building stable democracy are :
- The social dominance of military, landowning aristocrats has led to frequent overthrowing of elected governments and development of military governments.
- Pro-military groups in Pakistan say that democratic government can harm security of Pakistan. And thus, army’s stay is more powerful.
6 Marks Questions
1.Assess the positive and negative aspects of India’s relations with Bangladesh. (Delhi 2015)
Answer: The issues of tension (negative aspects) between India and Bangladesh are :
- Sharing of river waters of Ganga and Brahmaputra.
- Indian Government is not happy with Bangladesh’s refusal to act on unlawful immigration to India.
- Bangladesh’s support to anti-Indian Islamic fundamentalist groups.
- Bangladesh refused to allow Indian troops to move through its territory to North-East region.
- Bangladesh refused to export natural gas to India and allow Myanmar to do so through its territory.
The issues of cooperation (positive aspects) between both countries are :
- From the last decade, economic relations have been strengthened.
- India’s Look East Policy does involve Bangladesh that links South-East Asia via Myanmar.
- Cooperation is noticeable on the grounds of disaster management and environmental issues.
- Area of cooperation is being broadened by identifying areas of a common threat and by responding sensitively to each other’s needs.
2.Like India, why could democracy not take roots in Pakistan despite the fact that both the countries share a common past? (All India 2011)
OR
Explain the factors responsible for Pakistan’s failure in building a stable democracy. Describe any two pro-democracy factors present in Pakistan which can pave the way for establishing a lasting democratic set up over there. (All indin 2010)
Answer: Pakistan does not have a good experience with democracy. Several factors contributed to the failure in building a stable democracy in Pakistan. They are as follows :
- There was always social dominance of military, clergy, and landowning aristocracy which resulted in the downfall of democratic government and the existence of military government.
- Due to Pakistan’s conflict with India, pro-military groups in Pakistan got strengthened.
- According to these pro-military groups, political parties and democracy are defective and there is a chance of harm to the security of Pakistan by narrow-minded parties and disorganised democracy.
- And this way, a justification for the army’s stay in power is provided.
- Lack of international support has been there in Pakistan for democratic rule.
- The US and some Western countries moved Pakistan towards authoritarian rule for their own benefits.
- Military rule in Pakistan is supposed to be a protector of Western interests in West Asia, South Asia as ‘Global Islamic Terrorism’ and nuclear arsenal can only be controlled by the military.
3.Analyse the common problems of South Asian countries. (All India 2011)
Answer: South Asia includes countries like India, Pakistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka. The various natural areas such as the Himalayas, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean are part of this region.
The common problems among them are :
- Poverty All countries of South Asia suffer from large masses living in poverty. In India, nearly 38 per cent of people are living in poverty.
- Violation of human rights There exists a great threat to human rights from anti-social elements, communalist and from people with a negative attitude, thinking and approach.
- A problem faced by democracy Several countries of South Asia aspire to be a democratic country but face a problem.
- Women employment Women are generally seen at a lower position in most of the South Asian nations. They are restricted and are not as free as their counterparts.
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