Passage 1
A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment. “Dam” refers to the reservoir rather than the structure. Most dams have a section called a spillway or weir over which or through which it is intended that water will flow either intermittently or continuously. Dams are classified according to structure, intended purpose or height. Based on structure and the materials used, dams are classified as timber dams, embankment dams or masonry dams, with several subtypes. According to the height, dams can be categorized as large dams and major dams or alternatively as low dams, medium height dams and high dams.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What is a dam?
Answer: A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs, or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir or impoundment.
Question 2: What does the term “dam” refer to?
Answer: The term “dam” refers to the reservoir or impoundment created by the structure, rather than the structure itself.
Question 3: What is the purpose of a spillway or weir in a dam?
Answer: The spillway or weir allows water to flow over or through it, either intermittently or continuously, controlling the water level in the reservoir.
Question 4: How are dams classified based on structure and materials used?
Answer: Dams are classified as timber dams, embankment dams, or masonry dams, with several subtypes, based on the structure and materials used in their construction.
Question 5: How are dams categorized according to height?
Answer: Dams are categorized as large dams, major dams, low dams, medium-height dams, and high dams based on their height and intended purpose.
Passage 2
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchaee Yojana
Some of the broad objectives of this Programme are to enhance the physical access of water on the farm and expand cultivable area under assured irrigation (har khet ko pani), improve on-farm water use efficiency to reduce wastage and increase availability both in duration and extent, irrigation and other water saving technologies (per drop more crop) and introduce sustainable water conservation practices, etc.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What is the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)?
Answer: The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana is a scheme aimed at enhancing irrigation infrastructure and improving water management in agriculture.
Question 2: What are some broad objectives of PMKSY?
Answer: Some broad objectives include enhancing physical access to water on farms, expanding cultivable areas under assured irrigation, improving on-farm water use efficiency, and introducing sustainable water conservation practices.
Question 3: What is the motto associated with water-saving technologies under PMKSY?
Answer: The motto associated with water-saving technologies is “per drop more crop.”
Question 4: What does PMKSY aim to achieve in terms of water availability on farms?
Answer: PMKSY aims to increase the availability of water both in duration and extent, thereby ensuring adequate irrigation for crops.
Question 5: How does PMKSY seek to reduce water wastage in agriculture?
Answer: PMKSY seeks to reduce water wastage by improving on-farm water use efficiency and introducing irrigation and other water-saving technologies.
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