Passage 1
The Assam Movement from 1979 to 1985 is the best example of such movements against ‘outsiders’. The Assamese suspected that there were huge number of illegal Bengali Muslim settlers from Bangladesh. They felt that unless these foreign nationals are detected and deported they would reduce the indigenous Assamese into a minority. There were other economic issues too. There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam despite the existence of natural resources like oil, tea and coal. It was felt that these were drained out of the State without any commensurate benefit to the people.
QUESTION / ANSWER
1. Name the group that led movement against outsiders in 1979.
Answer: All Assam Students ’ Union (AASU).
2. Why did Assamese seek the detection and deportation of outsiders?
Answer: Because they feared that they would reduce the indigenous Assamese into a minority.
3. What were the economic issues taken up as a part of movement?
Answer: (i) There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam despite existence of natural resources like oil, tea and coal.
(ii) It was also felt these were drained out of state without any commensurate benefit to people.
Passage 2
The best way to respond to regional aspirations is through democratic negotiations rather than through suppression. Look at the situation in the eighties-militancy had erupted in Punjab: problems were persisting in the North-East: students in Assam were agitating; Kashmir valley was on the boil. Instead of treating these as simple law and order problems, the Government of India reached negotiated settlement with regional movements. This produced a reconciliation which reduced the tensions existing in many regions. The example of Mizoram shows how political settlement can resolve the problem of separatism effectively.
QUESTION / ANSWER
1. How are regional aspirations dangerous for the unity of country?
Answer: It creates the problem of separatism in the country.
2. What is meant by democratic negotiations?
Answer: Democratic negotiations respect the demand of regional aspirations in place of suppression.
3. Who was leading agitation in Assam?
Answer: The students.
4. What steps were taken by government of India to respond regional aspirations?
Answer: (i) Reached negotiated settlement with regional movements.
(ii) Produced a reconciliation to reduce the tensions existing in many regions.
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