Passage 1
Tiller of the Soil This is one of the panels made by Nandalal Bose in 1938 for the Haripura Congress. In this panel, a farmer is shown ploughing a field— the daily activity of a common man and in a village. To capture the essence of village life in his Haripura panels, Bose made pen-and-ink brush studies of local villagers. He used thick tempera in a bold cursory style and broad brushwork. This technique and style were reminiscent of the folk-art practice of patuas or scroll painters. Folk style is purposely used to represent the rural life. It also conveys political statement of Gandhi’s idea of village. The background of the poster has an arch. The strong senses of formal design, bold colour scheme, and their blend of nature and convention in this panel reflect Bose’s inspiration from Ajanta wall paintings and sculptures. More than 400 posters were prepared at Kala Bhavana under the supervision of Bose, who was influenced by the idea of Gandhi. These posters place common people in the centre of nation building. Bose utilised art to build the nation’s moral character.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: What year did Nandalal Bose create the panel “Tiller of the Soil,” and for what occasion?
Answer: Nandalal Bose created “Tiller of the Soil” in 1938 for the Haripura Congress.
Question 2: What activity does the panel depict, and what is its significance?
Answer: The panel depicts a farmer ploughing a field, representing the daily life of a common man in a village, which captures the essence of rural life.
Question 3: What techniques and styles did Bose use in his Haripura panels?
Answer: Bose used thick tempera in a bold cursory style with broad brushwork, reminiscent of the folk-art practices of patuas or scroll painters.
Question 4: How does the artwork convey a political statement related to Gandhi’s ideas?
Answer: The folk style intentionally represents rural life and conveys Gandhi’s idea of the significance of villages in nation-building.
Question 5: What influences are reflected in the design and color scheme of the panel?
Answer: The panel features a strong sense of formal design, a bold color scheme, and blends of nature and convention, reflecting inspiration from Ajanta wall paintings and sculptures.
Passage 2
Rasa-Lila
This is a watercolour painting in wash technique portraying the divine life of Sri Krishna made by Kshitindranath Majumdar (1891–1975). He was one of the early students of Abanindranath Tagore, who carried forward the wash tradition with some deviations. Rustic, thin, slender figures, modest gestures, idyllic settings and delicate watercolours express his stylistic features. He has painted mythological and religious subjects. Man, Bhanjan of Radha, Sakhi and Radha, Lakshmi and Birth of Sri Chaitanya are few examples of his extraordinary power of expression inspired by his understanding of religious concepts as a follower of the Bhakti Marga. In this painting, Krishna is dancing with Radha and sakhis, and the background of trees creates a simple village atmosphere as illustrated in the Bhagvata Purana and Gita Govinda. Figures and their cloths are drawn with simple, flowing, delicate lines. The sublime moods of characters are captured well. Krishna and gopis are drawn with same proportion. Thus, humans and God are brought on the same level.
Questions / Answer:
Question 1: Who created the watercolor painting “Rasa-Lila,” and what is its subject?
Answer: Kshitindranath Majumdar created “Rasa-Lila,” which portrays the divine life of Sri Krishna.
Question 2: What artistic tradition did Majumdar study, and what are some stylistic features of his work?
Answer: Majumdar was one of the early students of Abanindranath Tagore and carried forward the wash tradition. His stylistic features include rustic, slender figures, modest gestures, idyllic settings, and delicate watercolors.
Question 3: What themes did Majumdar explore in his paintings, and can you name a few of his works?
Answer: Majumdar painted mythological and religious subjects. Some examples of his work include “Man Bhanjan of Radha,” “Sakhi and Radha,” “Lakshmi,” and “Birth of Sri Chaitanya.”
Question 4: How is the setting and atmosphere depicted in “Rasa-Lila”?
Answer: In “Rasa-Lila,” Krishna is shown dancing with Radha and the sakhis against a backdrop of trees, creating a simple village atmosphere, as illustrated in the Bhagavata Purana and Gita Govinda.
Question 5: What is significant about the way Krishna and the gopis are portrayed in the painting?
Answer: Krishna and the gopis are drawn with the same proportion, bringing humans and God to the same level and capturing the sublime moods of the characters with simple, flowing, delicate lines.
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