1.What is the literal meaning of the term “Mesopotamia”?
a. Land of the Pharaohs
b. Land between the Rivers
c. Cradle of Civilization
d. Ancient Kingdom
Answer: b. Land between the Rivers
2.Which two rivers form the boundaries of Mesopotamia?
a. Nile and Tigris
b. Tigris and Euphrates
c. Indus and Tigris
d. Euphrates and Ganges
Answer: b. Tigris and Euphrates
3.Which ancient civilization flourished in Mesopotamia?
a. Egyptian
b. Harappan
c. Sumerian
d. Greek
Answer: c. Sumerian
4.What is the significance of the Code of Hammurabi in Mesopotamian history?
a. religious text
b. Legal code
c. Philosophical treatise
d. Scientific manual
Answer: b. Legal code
5.What innovation in writing was developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia?
a. Hieroglyphics
b. Cuneiform
c. Alphabet
d. Papyrus
Answer: b. Cuneiform
6.Which Mesopotamian city is often considered one of the earliest urban centers in history?
a. Babylon
b. Ur
c. Nineveh
d. Uruk
Answer: d. Uruk
7.What was the primary economic activity in Mesopotamia?
a. Fishing
b. Agriculture
c. Trading
d. Nomadic herding
Answer: b. Agriculture
8.he ziggurat was a characteristic architectural structure in Mesopotamia. What was its main purpose?
a. Royal residence
b. religious worship and ceremonies
c. Military defense
d. administrative center
Answer: b. religious worship and ceremonies
9.Which king is associated with the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?
a. Sargon II
b. Hammurabi
c. Nebuchadnezzar II
d. Ashurbanipal
Answer: c. Nebuchadnezzar II
10.What is the significance of the Epic of Gilgamesh in Mesopotamian literature?
a. It is a medical text
b. It is a religious scripture
c. It is an epic poem with moral and philosophical themes
d. It is a historical chronicle
Answer: c. It is an epic poem with moral and philosophical themes
11.What impact did the unpredictable flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers have on agriculture in Mesopotamia?
a. Beneficial for crops
b. No impact on agriculture
c. Positively predictable
d. Destructive for crops
Answer: d. Destructive for crops
12.Which Mesopotamian city was renowned for its wealth and is often mentioned in the Bible?
a. Ur
b. Babylon
c. Nineveh
d. Akkad
Answer: b. Babylon
13.What role did priests play in Mesopotamian society?
a. Military leaders
b. Economic traders
c. Political rulers
d. Intermediaries between gods and humans
Answer: d. Intermediaries between gods and humans
14.Which Mesopotamian ruler is known for his comprehensive law code that covered various aspects of daily life?
a. Sargon of Akkad
b. Hammurabi
c. Ashurbanipal
d. Nebuchadnezzar II
Answer: b. Hammurabi
15.What type of government system was prevalent in Mesopotamia?
a. Democracy
b. Monarchy
c. Oligarchy
d. Theocracy
Answer: d. Theocracy
16.What natural resource was scarce in Mesopotamia, leading to the development of trade networks for its Acquisition?
a. Gold
b. Timber
c. Stone
d. Metal
Answer: c. Stone
17.In a pastoral zone, people are primarily involved in:
a. Agriculture
b. Fishing
c. Animal husbandry
d. Mining
Answer c. Animal husbandry
18.Which of the following is a characteristic of a trading town in a pastoral zone?
a. Nomadic lifestyle
b. Dependence on rain-fed agriculture
c. Extensive use of canals for irrigation
d. Diverse economic activities related to trade
Answer: d. Diverse economic activities related to trade
19.The Silk Road was a historic trade route connecting:
a. Europe and Africa
b. Asia and the Americas
c. Europe and Asia
d. Africa and the Middle East
Answer: c. Europe and Asia
20.What is the significance of caravans in the context of trade in pastoral zones?
a. They are religious gatherings
b. They are nomadic tribes
c. They are trading routes
d. They are marketplaces
Answer: c. They are trading routes
21.Which ancient civilization is known for its extensive trade activities in the Indian Ocean?
a. Mesopotamia
b. Harappan
c. Egyptian
d. Chinese
Answer: b. Harappan
22.The concept of a “barter system” is most closely associated with:
a. Modern banking
b. ancient trade
c. Industrial Revolution
d. Feudalism
Answer b. ancient trade
23.What role did oases play in trade routes through arid pastoral zones?
a. Centers of agriculture
b. Resting places for traders
c. Military outposts
d. religious pilgrimage sites
Answer: b. Resting places for traders
24.Which ancient city was a major center of trade and commerce in the Mediterranean during classical antiquity?
a. Athens
b. Rome
c. Carthage
d. Alexandria
Answer: d. Alexandria
25.The Hanseatic League, a medieval trade alliance, was centered in:
a. Italy
b. Germany
c. England
d. France
Answer: b. Germany
26.The development of maritime trade routes was a key feature of which historical era?
a. Renaissance
b. Middle Ages
c. Age of Exploration
d. Industrial Revolution
Answer: c. Age of Exploration
27.Who is the central character in “The Epic of Gilgamesh”?
a. Enkidu
b. Shamash
c. Gilgamesh
d. Hum baba
Answer: c. Gilgamesh
28.What is the setting of “The Epic of Gilgamesh”?
a. Ancient Greece
b. Mesopotamia
c. Ancient Egypt
d. Indus Valley
Answer : b. Mesopotamia
29.Gilgamesh is the king of which city-state in the epic?
a. Uruk
b. Babylon
c. Ur
d. Nineveh
Answer: a. Uruk
30.Enkidu, a wild man, is created to serve as a counterpart to Gilgamesh by:
a. The gods
b. Shamash
c. Hum baba
d. Gilgamesh himself
Answer: a. The gods
31What is the primary quest of Gilgamesh in the epic?
a. To find the secret of immortality
b. To conquer neighboring city-states
c. To become a wise king
d. To build a grand palace
Answer: a. To find the secret of immortality
32.Which goddess intervenes to protect Enkidu from Gilgamesh’s advances in the epic?
a. Inanna
b. Ishtar
c. Ninhursag
d. Ereshkigal
Answer: b. Ishtar
33.The cedar forest that Gilgamesh and Enkidu venture into is guarded by:
a. Anu
b. Hum-baba
c. Enlil
d. Shamash
Answer: b. Hum-baba
34.What lesson does Gilgamesh learn during his journey for immortality?
a. The importance of friendship
b. The inevitability of death
c. The power of kingship
d. The significance of wealth
Answer: B. The inevitability of death
35.In the end, how does Gilgamesh come to terms with mortality?
a. He finds a portion of immortality
b. He accepts the inevitability of death
c. He conquers death itself
d. He becomes a god
Answer: b. He accepts the inevitability of death
36.What is the significance of the flood story in “The Epic of Gilgamesh”?
a. It symbolizes the power of the gods
b. It foreshadows the fall of Uruk
c. It mirrors the biblical flood story in Genesis
d. It represents the cycle of life and death
Answer: c. It mirrors the biblical flood story in Genesis
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