Passage 1
Once an emergency is proclaimed, the federal distribution of powers remains practically suspended and al1 t be powc itc
the hands of the union government. Secondly, the government also gets the power to curtail or restrict all or any of the Fundamental Rights during the emergency. From the wording of the provisions of the Constitution, it is clear that an Emergency is seen as an extra-iordinary condition in which normal democratic politics cannot function. Therefore, special powers are granted to the government.
QUESTION / ANSWER
1. When was emergency imposed?
Answer: 25 June 1975.
2. Who recommended emergency to be imposed and to whom?
Answer: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi recommended to impose emergency to the president Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad.
3. Mention the implications of emergency.
Answer:(i) The federal distribution of powers remains practically suspended.
(ii) All the powers are concentrated in the hands of Union government.
(iii) The government also gets power to restrict all or any of Fundamental Rights during emergency.
Passage 2
There were many acts of dissent and resistance to the Emergency. Many political workers who were not arrested in the first wave, went ‘underground’ and organised protests against the government. Newspapers like the Indian Express and the Statesman protested against censorship by leaving blank spaces where news items had been censored. Magazines like the Seminar and the Mainstream chose to close down rather than submit to censorship. Many journalists were arrested for writing against the Emergency. Many underground newsletters and leaflets were published to bypass censorship. Kannada writer Shivarama Karanth, awarded with Padma Bhushan, and Hindi writer Fanishwarnath Renu, awarded with Padma Shri, returned their awards in protest against the suspension of democracy. By and large, though, such open acts of defiance and resistance were rare.
QUESTION / ANSWER
1. Why did people began to protest against government?
Answer: Against imposition of emergency.
How did newspapers protest against censorship?
Answer: Newspaper like Indian Express and the Statesman protested against censorship by leaving blank spaces where news items had been censored.
3. How did writers protest against the emergency?
Answer: Kannada writer Shivarama Karanth awarded with Padma Bhushan and Hindi writer Fanishwarnath Renu awarded with Padma Shri returned their awards in protest against suspension of democracy.
4.Which magazines protested against censorship?
Answer: Magazines like ‘Seminar’ and ‘Mainstream’ chose to close down rather than submit to censorship.
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