🌍CBSE Class 12th History Chapter 4 Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings Multiple Choice Questions📚

Question 1: What is Sanchi primarily known for?

A) Ancient scriptures

B) Architectural marvels

C) Maritime trade

D) Philosophical debates

Answer: B) Architectural marvels

Question 2: Sanchi is famous for its:

A) Palaces

B) Stupas

C) Temples

D) Forts

Answer: B) Stupas

Question 3: What is the primary focus when studying Sanchi?

A) Economic structures

B) Religious teachings

C) Artistic achievements

D) Military strategies

Answer: C) Artistic achievements

Question 4: Sanchi is associated with which religious tradition?

A) Jainism

B) Buddhism

C) Hinduism

D) Sikhism

Answer: B) Buddhism

Question 5: Mahavira is a significant figure in which religious tradition?

A) Hinduism

B) Buddhism

C) Jainism

D) Sikhism

Answer: C) Jainism

Question 6: What is the central message of Mahavira’s teachings?

A) Pursuit of wealth and power

B) Renunciation of worldly pleasures

C) Advocacy for caste-based discrimination

D) Promotion of military conquests

Answer: B) Renunciation of worldly pleasures

Question 7: Mahavira is often associated with the concept of:

A) Nirvana

B) Moksha

C) Ahimsa

D) Dharma

Answer: C) Ahimsa

Question 8: In Mahavira’s philosophy, what is the significance of the term “Ahimsa”?

A) Non-violence

B) Wealth accumulation

C) Social hierarchy

D) Ritual sacrifices

Answer: A) Non-violence

Question 9: Siddhartha Gautama is famously known as:

A) Mahavira

B) Ashoka

C) The Buddha

D) Rama

Answer: C) The Buddha

Question 10: What motivated Siddhartha Gautama to embark on a spiritual quest?

A) Pursuit of political power

B) Discontent with worldly life and suffering

C) Desire for wealth and luxury

D) Fear of social rejection

Answer: B) Discontent with worldly life and suffering

Question 11: The Buddha attained enlightenment under a:

A) Banyan tree

B) Peepal tree

C) Neem tree

D) Mango tree

Answer: B) Peepal tree

Question 12: What is the term for the state of perfect peace and liberation in Buddhism?

A) Dharma

B) Nirvana

C) Karma

D) Samsara

Answer: B) Nirvana

Question 13: What is the fundamental concept in the Buddha’s teachings regarding the nature of life?

A) Eternal existence

B) Impermanence

C) Permanent happiness

D) Fixed destiny

Answer: B) Impermanence

Question 14: According to the Buddha, what is the cause of human suffering?

A) Wealth accumulation

B) Desire and attachment

C) Pursuit of knowledge

D) Strict adherence to rituals

Answer: B) Desire and attachment

Question 15: The Four Noble Truths form the foundation of:

A) Hinduism

B) Buddhism

C) Jainism

D) Sikhism

Answer: B) Buddhism

Question 16: What is the Eightfold Path in Buddhism aimed at achieving?

A) Material prosperity

B) Liberation from suffering

C) Caste-based privileges

D) Political power

Answer: B) Liberation from suffering

Question 17: What is the term used to refer to the community of Buddhist monks and nuns?

A) Sangha

B) Veda

C) Upanishad

D) Sabha

Answer: A) Sangha

Question 18: What is the significance of the lay followers (Upasakas and Upasikas) in Buddhism?

A) They lead the monastic life

B) They financially support the monastic community

C) They perform rituals for the monks

D) They engage in military activities

Answer: B) They financially support the monastic community

Question 19: What is the primary goal of the Buddhist monastic community?

A) Accumulation of wealth

B) Liberation from the cycle of birth and death

C) Promotion of caste-based hierarchy

D) Conquest of new territories

Answer: B) Liberation from the cycle of birth and death

Question 20: What is the role of Buddhist lay followers in the spread of the Buddha’s teachings?

A) They have no role in spreading the teachings

B) They actively participate in missionary activities

C) They focus solely on their personal salvation

D) They engage in political conflicts

Answer: B) They actively participate in missionary activities

Question 21: What is the primary purpose of a stupa in Buddhism?

A) Accumulation of wealth

B) Ritual sacrifices

C) Commemoration and worship

D) Political power

Answer: C) Commemoration and worship

Question 22: The earliest stupas were constructed to house the:

A) Relics of the Buddha

B) Wealth of the king

C) Weapons of the warriors

D) Agricultural produce

Answer: A) Relics of the Buddha

Question 23: What architectural element distinguishes a stupa?

A) Tall spires

B) Central prayer hall

C) Underground chambers

D) Dome or hemispherical structure

Answer: D) Dome or hemispherical structure

Question 24: Which emperor is associated with the construction and patronage of stupas in India?

A) Ashoka

B) Akbar

C) Chandragupta Maurya

D) Harsha

Answer: A) Ashoka

Question 25: What happened to the stupa at Amaravati over time?

A) It remained unchanged

B) It was destroyed during a war

C) It was rediscovered and preserved

D) It was converted into a palace

Answer: B) It was destroyed during a war

Question 26: What is the significance of the rediscovery and preservation of stupas?

A) Preservation of wealth

B) Preservation of historical and religious heritage

C) Eradication of religious practices

D) Destruction of cultural artifacts

Answer: B) Preservation of historical and religious heritage

Question 27: What role did foreign travelers play in the discovery and documentation of stupas?

A) They had no role in this process

B) They actively contributed to the preservation of stupas

C) They were responsible for the destruction of stupas

D) They played a crucial role in documenting and studying stupas

Answer: D) They played a crucial role in documenting and studying stupas

Question 28: How does the fate of Amaravati and Sanchi stupas highlight the challenges in preserving cultural heritage?

A) By promoting destruction of heritage sites

B) By emphasizing the stability of cultural artifacts

C) By showcasing the resilience of historical monuments

D) By underlining issues of neglect, decay, and destruction

Answer: D) By underlining issues of neglect, decay, and destruction

Question 29: In the context of Buddhism, what is the primary subject of sculptural art?

A) Kings and Queens

B) Animals

C) Buddha and Bodhisattvas

D) Mythical creatures

Answer: C) Buddha and Bodhisattvas

Question 30: What is the symbolic significance of the Buddha’s hand gestures, known as mudras, in sculptures?

A) Representing political authority

B) Conveying specific teachings or ideas

C) Depicting martial skills

D) Signifying agricultural practices

Answer: B) Conveying specific teachings or ideas

Question 31: Which materials were commonly used for creating sculptures in ancient India?

A) Plastic

B) Stone and Metal

C) Glass

D) Fabric

Answer: B) Stone and Metal

Question 32: How do the sculptural representations contribute to the dissemination of religious ideas?

A) By promoting idol worship

B) By discouraging artistic expression

C) By conveying complex philosophical concepts visually

D) By avoiding any representation of deities

Answer: C) By conveying complex philosophical concepts visually

Question 33: Who is considered the founder of Sikhism, a new religious tradition mentioned in Chapter 4?

A) Guru Nanak

B) Mahavira

C) Adi Shankara

D) Guru Gobind Singh

Answer: A) Guru Nanak

Question 34: What distinguishing feature marks Sikhism in terms of religious practices?

A) Pilgrimage to Mecca

B) Wearing a turban and maintaining the Five Ks

C) Daily worship of idols

D) Fasting during Ramadan

Answer: B) Wearing a turban and maintaining the Five Ks

Question 35: In Sikhism, what does the term “Guru Granth Sahib” refer to?

A) The holy city of Amritsar

B) The founder of Sikhism

C) The holy scripture

D) A religious festival

Answer: C) The holy scripture

Question 36: How did Sikhism challenge existing social hierarchies during its inception?

A) By reinforcing caste-based distinctions

B) By discouraging social reform

C) By promoting social equality and rejecting caste hierarchy

D) By supporting the caste system

Answer: C) By promoting social equality and rejecting caste hierarchy

Question 37: In the context of historical analysis, what does the chapter suggest regarding the ability to “see” everything?

A) Historians can observe and interpret all aspects of the past accurately

B) Historians may encounter challenges in fully understanding the past

C) It is unnecessary to study historical texts

D) Historical events are straightforward and require no interpretation

Answer: B) Historians may encounter challenges in fully understanding the past

Question 38: What role do historical sources and perspectives play in shaping our understanding of the past?

A) They provide an objective and singular view of history

B) They limit our understanding and interpretation of historical events

C) They contribute to a nuanced and multifaceted understanding of history

D) They are irrelevant in historical analysis

Answer: C) They contribute to a nuanced and multifaceted understanding of history

Question 39: According to the chapter, what challenges do historians face in reconstructing the past?

A) Lack of interest in historical events

B) Availability of only one perspective

C) Overabundance of historical sources

D) Historical sources being biased or incomplete

Answer: D) Historical sources being biased or incomplete

Question 40: Why is it essential for historians to critically analyze and interpret historical sources?

A) To impose a single interpretation on historical events

B) To reinforce existing biases

C) To understand the complexities and nuances of the past

D) To ignore historical sources altogether

Answer: C) To understand the complexities and nuances of the past

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