Question 1: The Industrial Revolution originated in:
a) France
b) Germany
c) United States
d) England
Answer: d) England
Question 2: Which industry was the first to undergo mechanization during the Industrial Revolution?
a) Textile
b) Iron and steel
c) Coal mining
d) Shipbuilding
Answer: a) Textile
Question 3: The ‘flying shuttle’ was invented by:
a) James Hargreaves
b) John Kay
c) Richard Arkwright
d) Samuel Crompton
Answer: b) John Kay
Question 4: Who invented the spinning jenny?
a) James Watt
b) Richard Arkwright
c) James Hargreaves
d) Samuel Crompton
Answer: c) James Hargreaves
Question 5: The development of the steam engine is credited to:
a) James Watt
b) Richard Arkwright
c) Samuel Crompton
d) George Stephenson
Answer: a) James Watt
Question 6: The Factory Act of 1833 in Britain aimed to regulate:
a) Wages of factory workers
b) Working hours of women and children in factories
c) Quality of factory products
d) Export of British goods
Answer: b) Working hours of women and children in factories
Question 7: The process of enclosure in Britain involved:
a) Opening up of trade routes
b) Consolidation of small landholdings into larger farms
c) Establishment of industrial zones
d) Nationalization of industries
Answer: b) Consolidation of small landholdings into larger farms
Question 8: The term ‘cottage industry’ refers to:
a) Large-scale industrial production in factories
b) Handicraft production in rural households
c) Factory-based textile production
d) Mining activities in rural areas
Answer: b) Handicraft production in rural households
Question 9: Who is often regarded as the ‘Father of the Factory System’?
a) James Watt
b) Richard Arkwright
c) Samuel Crompton
d) George Stephenson
Answer: b) Richard Arkwright
Question 10: The ‘Luddite movement’ in early 19th-century Britain was a response to:
a) Poor working conditions in factories
b) Enclosure of land
c) Introduction of new machinery in industries
d) High taxes imposed by the government
Answer: c) Introduction of new machinery in industries
Question 11: Which industry was primarily affected by the ‘Luddite movement’?
a) Textile
b) Iron and steel
c) Coal mining
d) Shipbuilding
Answer: a) Textile
Question 12: The ‘putting-out’ system was also known as:
a) Factory system
b) Cottage industry
c) Mechanized production
d) Industrialisation
Answer: b) Cottage industry
Question 13: The Crystal Palace Exhibition held in 1851 showcased:
a) Britain’s military prowess
b) Innovations in industrial technology
c) British colonial possessions
d) Art and culture of Britain
Answer: b) Innovations in industrial technology
Question 14: The process of ‘urbanisation’ refers to:
a) Movement of people from rural areas to cities
b) Expansion of agricultural land
c) Development of rural infrastructure
d) Decline of urban centres
Answer: a) Movement of people from rural areas to cities
Question 15: The ‘Chartist movement’ in Britain demanded:
a) Universal adult suffrage
b) Abolition of private property
c) Equal distribution of wealth
d) Independence from British rule
Answer: a) Universal adult suffrage
Question 16: Who wrote the book “The Wealth of Nations”?
a) Karl Marx
b) Adam Smith
c) David Ricardo
d) John Maynard Keynes
Answer: b) Adam Smith
Question 17: The ‘Great Famine’ in Ireland in the mid-19th century was primarily caused by the failure of:
a) Potato crop
b) Wheat crop
c) Rice crop
d) Maize crop
Answer: a) Potato crop
Question 18: The Industrial Revolution led to a shift from agrarian economies to:
a) Socialist economies
b) Capitalist economies
c) Command economies
d) Mixed economies
Answer: b) Capitalist economies
Question 19: The term ‘industrialisation’ refers to:
a) Expansion of agricultural activities
b) Growth of manufacturing industries
c) Development of service sector
d) Modernisation of transportation systems
Answer: b) Growth of manufacturing industries
Question 20: Which country experienced the earliest phase of industrialisation after Britain?
a) France
b) Germany
c) United States
d) Japan
Answer: a) France
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