Question 1: State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.
Answer.
Political parties perform key functions:
1. Contesting elections.
2. Introducing policies and programs.
3. Playing a role in decision-making for legislation and execution.
4. Forming and running the government upon winning elections.
5. Serving as opposition parties and critiquing the government if they lose.
6. Moulding public opinion on various issues.
7. Facilitating citizens’ access to government policies and actions.
Question 2: What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
Answer.
Challenges for political parties:
- Lack of internal democracy: Concentration of power can spark internal conflicts.
- Dynastic succession: Inherited leadership hampers opportunities for others.
- Money and muscle power: Smaller parties struggle against wealth and influence, impacting their participation and electoral success.
Question 3: Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well.
Answer.
Political party reforms:
- Address internal conflicts with dedicated provisions.
- Ensure 1/3rd representation for women candidates.
- Avoid promoting candidates with criminal records.
- Advocate for state funding during elections to level the playing field for economically disadvantaged candidates.
Question 4: What is a political party?
Answer.
A political party is a collective of individuals aiming to contest elections and govern. They unite around policies and programs to serve the collective good.
Question 5: What are the characteristics of a political party?
Answer.
Characteristics of a political party:
- Members share common interests in policies and programs.
- They aim to introduce policies for citizen welfare.
- Components include a leader, active members, and followers.
Question 6: A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a _____________________.
Answer.
Political party.
Question 7: Match List-I (organisations and struggles) with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
| List-I | List-II | |
| 1. | Congress Party | A. National Democratic Alliance |
| 2. | Bhartiya Janata Party | B. State party |
| 3. | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | C. United Progressive Alliance |
| 4. | Telugu Desam Party | D. Left Front |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| (a) | C | A | B | D |
| (b) | C | D | A | B |
| (c) | C | A | D | B |
| (d) | D | C | A | B |
Answer.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| (c) | C | A | D | B |
Question 8: Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party?
A. Kanshi Ram
B. Sahu Maharaj
C. B.R. Ambedkar
D. Jotiba Phule
Answer. A. Kanshi Ram
Question 9: What is the guiding philosophy of the Bhartiya Janata Party?
A. Bahujan Samaj
B. Revolutionary democracy
C. Integral humanism
D. Modernity
Answer. C. Integral humanism
Question 10: Consider the following statements on parties.
- Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people.
- Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top-party leaders.
- Parties are not necessary to run governments.
Which of the statements given above is correct?
- A, B, and C
- A and B
- B and C
- A and C
Answer. (b) A and B
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