Short Answer Type Questions
- What is a tsunami? What happened on 26 Dec 2004?
- Answer: A tsunami is a large and powerful wave caused by underwater earthquakes. On December 26, 2004, a tsunami struck Thailand and parts of India, including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Tamil Nadu coast.
- Who first felt an earthquake at Andaman & Nicobar?
- Answer: Ignesious, the manager of a cooperative society in Katchall, first felt the earthquake at 6 a.m. His wife noticed the tremors, prompting him to secure their television to prevent damage.
- What happened to Meghna?
- Answer: Meghna, a 13-year-old girl, was swept away with her parents and 77 others. She spent two days floating on a wooden door before being found dazed on the shore.
- Who was Almas?
- Answer: Almas was a young girl who lost consciousness while floating on debris. She later woke up in a hospital in Kamorta but remained traumatized and did not speak about the incident.
- Who was Tilly Smith, and what awards did she receive?
- Answer: Tilly Smith was a British schoolgirl who, at age 10, saved lives during the tsunami at Phuket beach in Thailand. She received several awards for her quick thinking.
- What were the Smith family doing at Phuket beach?
- Answer: The Smith family from Southeast England was celebrating Christmas at a beach resort in southern Thailand.
- How did Tilly Smith know that a tsunami was coming?
- Answer: Tilly recalled a geography lesson about tsunamis that she had learned in England, which informed her that they can result from underwater earthquakes.
- What actions did Tilly take to warn people on the beach?
- Answer: Tilly shouted that a tsunami was coming, prompting her mother and other tourists to evacuate to higher ground.
- What behavior did animals exhibit before the tsunami?
- Answer: Animals displayed unusual behavior, such as elephants running to higher ground and dogs refusing to go outside, indicating their awareness of the impending disaster.
- What happened at the Cuddalore coast?
- Answer: At the Cuddalore coast, thousands of people lost their lives, while many animals, including buffaloes and dogs, were found unharmed.
- Why did dogs refuse to go outside at Galle?
- Answer: A Sri Lankan man noted that his dogs refused to go to the beach, which was unusual behavior, suggesting they sensed the impending disaster.
- Why did Tilly’s family come to Thailand?
- Answer: Tilly’s family visited Thailand to celebrate Christmas.
- What warning signs did Tilly and her mother observe?
- Answer: They observed the sea rising and forming whirlpools, which indicated a possible tsunami.
- Was Tilly’s mother alarmed by the warning signs?
- Answer: Initially, Tilly’s mother did not understand the seriousness of the situation until Tilly expressed her fear about a tsunami.
- Where had Tilly seen the sea behaving strangely before?
- Answer: Tilly had seen similar sea behavior in a video about a tsunami shown by her geography teacher.
- Where did the Smith family and others go to escape the tsunami?
- Answer: They took refuge on the third floor of their hotel to escape the tsunami.
- How did Tilly’s geography teacher likely feel after hearing about her actions?
- Answer: Tilly’s geography teacher likely felt proud of her for applying her classroom knowledge to save lives.
- How many people and animals died in the tsunami?
- Answer: Approximately 150,000 people died, while the number of dead animals was significantly lower.
- How many people and animals died in Yala National Park?
- Answer: Sixty visitors and two animals perished in Yala National Park.
- What do people say about the elephants of Yala National Park?
- Answer: Witnesses reported seeing three elephants fleeing from Patanangala beach about an hour before the tsunami struck.
- What did the dogs in Galle do?
- Answer: The dogs in Galle refused to go outside for their daily run on the beach.
Long Answer Type Questions
- What is a tsunami?
- Answer: Tsunamis are giant waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. In deep ocean waters, tsunami waves are not easily noticeable, but as they approach shallow coastal areas, they grow in height and can cause significant destruction. These waves can travel at jet-like speeds in deep waters and are often mistakenly referred to as tidal waves, a term discouraged by oceanographers.
- Why did Ignesious prioritize taking his television set off the table?
- Answer: When his wife felt the earthquake, Ignesious initially thought it was a typical tremor. To protect his valuable possessions, he took his television set off the table to prevent it from falling and breaking.
- What did Ignesious’s family do after the tremor stopped?
- Answer: Once the tremors ceased, they observed the sea rising. In the confusion, two of Ignesious’s children ran in a different direction and were lost, along with his wife. Only three of his children who were with him survived.
- Who was Sanjeev, and how did he sacrifice his life?
- Answer: Sanjeev was a policeman on Katchall Island. He saved himself, his wife, and his baby daughter but then jumped into the waves to rescue a guesthouse cook’s wife, leading to both of their deaths.
- How was Meghna saved during the tsunami?
- Answer: Meghna was swept away with her parents and 77 others but survived by clinging to a wooden door for two days before being found disoriented on the beach.
- Introduce Almas Javed and her family.
- Answer: Almas Javed was a ten-year-old girl who attended Carmel Convent in Port Blair. Her family was celebrating Christmas at her mother’s ancestral home in Nancowry Island.
- What did Almas’s father do when he felt the earthquake?
- Answer: Upon sensing the tremors, Almas’s father woke his family, having recognized that the receding water indicated a powerful wave was imminent. He attempted to lead them to safety.
- How did Almas’s family perish in the tsunami?
- Answer: While rushing to safety, Almas’s grandfather was injured, and as Almas’s father went to help him, a giant wave struck, sweeping them away. Her mother and aunts were also washed away while clinging to a coconut tree.
- How was Almas saved in the tsunami?
- Answer: After her family was swept away, Almas found a log of wood to cling to. She eventually lost consciousness and later woke up in a hospital in Kamorta, traumatized and unwilling to discuss the incident.
- Who is Tilly Smith, and where did her family go for the holidays?
- Answer: Tilly Smith was a ten-year-old girl from South-East England. Her family, including her parents and younger sister, traveled to Thailand to celebrate Christmas.
- How did Tilly’s geography lesson help her understand the tsunami?
- Answer: Tilly recalled a recent geography lesson in which she learned about tsunamis, including a video of one that struck Hawaii in 1946. This knowledge helped her recognize the signs of an impending tsunami.
- What was Tilly’s reaction upon realizing a tsunami was coming? What about her mother’s reaction?
- Answer: Tilly screamed at her family to evacuate the beach, while her mother was initially confused but became alarmed when she saw Tilly’s fear and urgency.
- What happened after Tilly and her family left the beach?
- Answer: After leaving the beach, Tilly’s family and other tourists sought refuge on the hotel’s third floor, where they survived the tsunami waves that followed.
- Provide examples showing that animals sensed the tsunami beforehand.
- Answer: Before the tsunami, animals displayed behaviors indicating their awareness of danger. Elephants ran to higher ground, dogs refused to go outside, and zoo animals rushed into their shelters.
- Do animals possess a sixth sense?
- Answer: The idea that animals have a sixth sense is debated, but evidence from the tsunami suggests they can sense impending disasters, potentially due to their acute hearing and ability to detect vibrations.
- Give examples of how animals sensed the tsunami and saved themselves.
- Answer: In India’s Cuddalore coast, many animals, including buffaloes and dogs, were unharmed despite the loss of thousands of people. In Yala National Park, animals were seen fleeing the beach before the tsunami hit, while many visitors perished.
- How did the Sri Lankan gentleman’s dogs save his life?
- Answer: A Sri Lankan man observed that his dogs refused to go for their daily beach run, which was unusual for them. This behavior likely alerted him to the danger, saving his life.
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