Question 1: Which colonial power extensively exploited forest resources in India during the colonial period?
A) France
B) Spain
C) Portugal
D) Britain
Answer: D) Britain
Question 2: What was the main reason for the British interest in Indian forests during colonial rule?
A) Wildlife conservation
B) Environmental protection
C) Economic exploitation
D) Cultural preservation
Answer: C) Economic exploitation
Question 3: Who were the ‘shifting cultivators’ in the forest regions of India?
A) Nomadic tribes
B) British officials
C) Indigenous farmers
D) Religious leaders
Answer: C) Indigenous farmers
Question 4: What was the main commodity extracted from Indian forests during colonial rule?
A) Tea
B) Coffee
C) Timber
D) Cotton
Answer: C) Timber
Question 5: What was the impact of British forest policies on tribal communities in India?
A) Economic prosperity
B) Cultural assimilation
C) Displacement and loss of livelihood
D) Social integration
Answer: C) Displacement and loss of livelihood
Question 6: Which act was passed in 1878 by the British to regulate the use of forests in India?
A) Forest Act
B) Indian Forest Act
C) Wildlife Protection Act
D) Forest Conservation Act
Answer: B) Indian Forest Act
Question 7: What was the main objective of the Forest Department established by the British in India?
A) Wildlife conservation
B) Forest preservation
C) Economic exploitation
D) Cultural promotion
Answer: C) Economic exploitation
Question 8: Who were the ‘encroachers’ in the context of colonial forest policies in India?
A) British officials
B) Indigenous communities
C) Foreign settlers
D) Urban dwellers
Answer: B) Indigenous communities
Question 9: What was the impact of British forest policies on the availability of forest resources for local communities?
A) Decreased availability
B) Increased availability
C) No impact
D) Improved management
Answer: A) Decreased availability
Question 10: What was the significance of the Forest Satyagraha movement?
A) It demanded the independence of India
B) It aimed to protect forests and tribal rights
C) It advocated for religious reforms
D) It promoted social equality
Answer: B) It aimed to protect forests and tribal rights
Question 11: Who led the Forest Satyagraha movement in India?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Rabindranath Tagore
Answer: A) Mahatma Gandhi
Question 12: Which tribal leader played a significant role in organizing resistance against forest laws in Central India?
A) Birsa Munda
B) Rani Lakshmibai
C) Tantia Tope
D) Mangal Pandey
Answer: A) Birsa Munda
Question 13: What was the impact of the British Forest Department’s policies on the traditional rights of forest-dwelling communities?
A) Preservation of rights
B) Enhancement of rights
C) Violation of rights
D) Recognition of rights
Answer: C) Violation of rights
Question 14: What term was used to describe the colonial practice of clearing forests for agricultural purposes?
A) Forest conservation
B) Deforestation
C) Afforestation
D) Agroforestry
Answer: B) Deforestation
Question 15: What role did railways play in the exploitation of forest resources during colonial rule?
A) They facilitated the transportation of forest products
B) They promoted wildlife conservation
C) They reduced the demand for timber
D) They encouraged sustainable forestry practices
Answer: A) They facilitated the transportation of forest products
Question 16: Which British official formulated the concept of ‘scientific forestry’ in India?
A) Lord Curzon
B) Lord Cornwallis
C) Sir Dietrich Brandis
D) Sir William Jones
Answer: C) Sir Dietrich Brandis
Question 17: What was the primary goal of ‘scientific forestry’ as introduced by the British in India?
A) Economic exploitation
B) Environmental conservation
C) Tribal welfare
D) Wildlife protection
Answer: A) Economic exploitation
Question 18: Which tribal community in India faced displacement due to the construction of the Mandal dam?
A) Santhals
B) Gonds
C) Bhils
D) Mundas
Answer: B) Gonds
Question 19: Which region in India witnessed the Chipko movement, a non-violent protest against deforestation?
A) Himachal Pradesh
B) Rajasthan
C) Kerala
D) Uttarakhand (formerly Uttar Pradesh)
Answer: D) Uttarakhand (formerly Uttar Pradesh)
Question 20: What was the outcome of the Forest Satyagraha movement?
A) Repeal of forest laws
B) Establishment of wildlife sanctuaries
C) Recognition of tribal rights
D) Increased deforestation
Answer: A) Repeal of forest laws
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