Passage 1:
The Parliament of India
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the country. It is a bicameral institution, consisting of two houses: the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The Lok Sabha is directly elected by the people of India, while the Rajya Sabha represents the states and union territories. The Parliament has the primary responsibility of making laws, debating national issues, and ensuring that the government is accountable. The Parliament also plays a critical role in controlling the finances of the country, as all government spending must be approved by the Lok Sabha. The President of India plays a ceremonial role in the functioning of Parliament, as no law can be passed without the President’s approval.
Questions:
Question 1:
What is the primary function of the Parliament of India?
Answer:
The primary function of the Parliament of India is to make laws, debate national issues, and ensure that the government is accountable to the people.
Question 2:
What are the two houses of the Parliament of India?
Answer:
The two houses of the Parliament of India are the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
Question 3:
How are members of the Lok Sabha elected?
Answer:
Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people of India through general elections.
Question 4:
What role does the President of India play in the functioning of Parliament?
Answer:
The President of India plays a ceremonial role in Parliament and must approve all laws passed by Parliament before they can become official.
Question 5:
Why is the Lok Sabha important in the context of government spending?
Answer:
The Lok Sabha is important because all government spending must be approved by the Lok Sabha, making it a critical part of financial control.
Passage 2:
The Judiciary in India
The judiciary is an independent body responsible for interpreting and upholding the laws of the land. It ensures that the laws are applied fairly and impartially. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in India, followed by High Courts at the state level. The judiciary has the power of judicial review, which means it can review the constitutionality of laws and actions of the government. If a law or action violates the Constitution, the judiciary can declare it unconstitutional and void. This independence of the judiciary is a key feature of the Indian democracy, ensuring that the government does not exceed its powers.
Questions:
Question 1:
What is the role of the judiciary in India?
Answer:
The judiciary is responsible for interpreting and upholding the laws of the country, ensuring they are applied fairly and impartially.
Question 2:
Which is the highest judicial authority in India?
Answer:
The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in India.
Question 3:
What is judicial review?
Answer:
Judicial review is the power of the judiciary to review the constitutionality of laws and government actions. If they are found to violate the Constitution, they can be declared unconstitutional and void.
Question 4:
Why is the independence of the judiciary important in India?
Answer:
The independence of the judiciary is important because it ensures that the government does not exceed its powers and that citizens receive fair justice.
Question 5:
What happens if a law violates the Constitution?
Answer:
If a law violates the Constitution, the judiciary can declare it unconstitutional and void through the process of judicial review.
Passage 3:
The Role of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet
The Prime Minister is the head of the government in India and plays a central role in the functioning of the executive branch. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, but they must have the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha. The Prime Minister is responsible for choosing the Cabinet, which is composed of ministers who head various departments and ministries. The Cabinet is collectively responsible for the decisions made by the government, and its members are accountable to the Lok Sabha. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are key players in shaping government policy, implementing laws, and overseeing the administration of the country.
Questions:
Question 1:
Who is the head of the government in India?
Answer:
The head of the government in India is the Prime Minister.
Question 2:
How is the Prime Minister appointed in India?
Answer:
The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India, but they must have the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha.
Question 3:
What is the role of the Cabinet in India?
Answer:
The Cabinet, which is made up of ministers heading various departments, is responsible for making decisions, implementing laws, and overseeing government administration.
Question 4:
Who is the Cabinet accountable to in India?
Answer:
The Cabinet is collectively accountable to the Lok Sabha (House of the People).
Question 5:
What role does the Prime Minister play in government policy?
Answer:
The Prime Minister plays a key role in shaping government policy, choosing the Cabinet, and ensuring the implementation of laws and administration in the country.
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